Free Amazon DOP-C02 Übungsprüfungen - Seite 2 von 11

Question #11

An online retail company based in the United States plans to expand its operations to Europe and Asia in the next six months. Its product currently runs on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The instances run in an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group across multiple Availability Zones. All data is stored in an Amazon Aurora database instance.

When the product is deployed in multiple regions, the company wants a single product catalog across all regions, but for compliance purposes, its customer information and purchases must be kept in each region.

How should the company meet these requirements with the LEAST amount of application changes?

A . Use Amazon Redshift for the product catalog and Amazon DynamoDB tables for the customer information and purchases.
B . Use Amazon DynamoDB global tables for the product catalog and regional tables for the customer information and purchases.
C . Use Aurora with read replicas for the product catalog and additional local Aurora instances in each region for the customer information and purchases.
D . Use Aurora for the product catalog and Amazon DynamoDB global tables for the customer information and purchases.

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Question #12

A company is developing a web application’s infrastructure using AWS CloudFormation The database engineering team maintains the database resources in a Cloud Formation template, and the software development team maintains the web application resources in a separate CloudFormation template. As the scope of the application grows, the software development team needs to use resources maintained by the database engineering team However, both teams have their own review and lifecycle management processes that they want to keep. Both teams also require resource-level change-set reviews. The software development team would like to deploy changes to this template using their Cl/CD pipeline.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

A . Create a stack export from the database CloudFormation template and import those references into the web application CloudFormation template
B . Create a CloudFormation nested stack to make cross-stack resource references and parameters available in both stacks.
C . Create a CloudFormation stack set to make cross-stack resource references and parameters available in both stacks.
D . Create input parameters in the web application CloudFormation template and pass resource names and IDs from the database stack.

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Question #13

A company has many applications. Different teams in the company developed the applications by using multiple languages and frameworks. The applications run on premises and on different servers with different operating systems. Each team has its own release protocol and process. The company wants to reduce the complexity of the release and maintenance of these applications.

The company is migrating its technology stacks, including these applications, to AWS. The company wants centralized control of source code, a consistent and automatic delivery pipeline, and as few maintenance tasks as possible on the underlying infrastructure.

What should a DevOps engineer do to meet these requirements?

A . Create one AWS CodeCommit repository for all applications. Put each application’s code in a different branch. Merge the branches, and use AWS CodeBuild to build the applications. Use AWS CodeDeploy to deploy the applications to one centralized application server.
B . Create one AWS CodeCommit repository for each of the applications. Use AWS CodeBuild to build the applications one at a time. Use AWS CodeDeploy to deploy the applications to one centralized application server.
C . Create one AWS CodeCommit repository for each of the applications. Use AWS CodeBuild to build the applications one at a time and to create one AMI for each server. Use AWS CloudFormation StackSets to automatically provision and decommission Amazon EC2 fleets by using these AMIs.
D . Create one AWS CodeCommit repository for each of the applications. Use AWS CodeBuild to build one Docker image for each application in Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR). Use AWS CodeDeploy to deploy the applications to Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) on infrastructure that AWS Fargate manages.

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Question #14

A company has an application that runs on Amazon EC2 instances that are in an Auto Scaling group. When the application starts up. the application needs to process data from an Amazon S3 bucket before the application can start to serve requests.

The size of the data that is stored in the S3 bucket is growing. When the Auto Scaling group adds new instances, the application now takes several minutes to download and process the data before the application can serve requests. The company must reduce the time that elapses before new EC2 instances are ready to serve requests.

Which solution is the MOST cost-effective way to reduce the application startup time?

A . Configure a warm pool for the Auto Scaling group with warmed EC2 instances in the Stopped state. Configure an autoscaling:EC2_INSTANCE_LAUNCHING lifecycle hook on the Auto Scaling group. Modify the application to complete the lifecycle hook when the application is ready to serve requests.
B . Increase the maximum instance count of the Auto Scaling group. Configure an autoscaling:EC2_INSTANCE_LAUNCHING lifecycle hook on the Auto Scaling group. Modify the application to complete the lifecycle hook when the application is ready to serve requests.
C . Configure a warm pool for the Auto Scaling group with warmed EC2 instances in the Running state. Configure an autoscaling:EC2_INSTANCE_LAUNCHING lifecycle hook on the Auto Scaling group. Modify the application to complete the lifecycle hook when the application is ready to serve requests.
D . Increase the maximum instance count of the Auto Scaling group. Configure an autoscaling:EC2_INSTANCE_LAUNCHING lifecycle hook on the Auto Scaling group. Modify the application to complete the lifecycle hook and to place the new instance in the Standby state when the application is ready to serve requests.

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Question #15

A DevOps engineer has implemented a Cl/CO pipeline to deploy an AWS Cloud Format ion template that provisions a web application. The web application consists of an Application Load Balancer (ALB) a target group, a launch template that uses an Amazon Linux 2 AMI an Auto Scaling group of Amazon EC2 instances, a security group and an Amazon RDS for MySQL database The launch template includes user data that specifies a script to install and start the application.

The initial deployment of the application was successful. The DevOps engineer made changes to update the version of the application with the user data. The CI/CD pipeline has deployed a new version of the template However, the health checks on the ALB are now failing. The health checks have marked all targets as unhealthy.

During investigation the DevOps engineer notices that the Cloud Formation stack has a status of UPDATE_COMPLETE. However, when the DevOps engineer connects to one of the EC2 instances and checks /varar/log messages, the DevOps engineer notices that the Apache web server failed to start successfully because of a configuration error

How can the DevOps engineer ensure that the CloudFormation deployment will fail if the user data fails to successfully finish running?

A . Use the cfn-signal helper script to signal success or failure to CloudFormation Use the WaitOnResourceSignals update policy within the CloudFormation template Set an appropriate timeout for the update policy.
B . Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm for the UnhealthyHostCount metric. Include an appropriate alarm threshold for the target group Create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic as the target to signal success or failure to CloudFormation
C . Create a lifecycle hook on the Auto Scaling group by using the AWS AutoScaling LifecycleHook resource Create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic as the target to signal success or failure to CloudFormation Set an appropriate timeout on the lifecycle hook.
D . Use the Amazon CloudWatch agent to stream the cloud-init logs Create a subscription filter that includes an AWS Lambda function with an appropriate invocation timeout Configure the Lambda function to use the SignalResource API operation to signal success or failure to CloudFormation.

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Question #16

A company needs to implement failover for its application. The application includes an Amazon CloudFront distribution and a public Application Load Balancer (ALB) in an AWS Region. The company has configured the ALB as the default origin for the distribution.

After some recent application outages, the company wants a zero-second RTO. The company deploys the application to a secondary Region in a warm standby configuration. A DevOps engineer needs to automate the failover of the application to the secondary Region so that HTTP GET requests meet the desired RTO.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

A . Create a second CloudFront distribution that has the secondary ALB as the default origin. Create Amazon Route 53 alias records that have a failover policy and Evaluate Target Health set to Yes for both CloudFront distributions. Update the application to use the new record set.
B . Create a new origin on the distribution for the secondary ALB. Create a new origin group. Set the original ALB as the primary origin. Configure the origin group to fail over for HTTP 5xx status codes. Update the default behavior to use the origin group.
C . Create Amazon Route 53 alias records that have a failover policy and Evaluate Target Health set to Yes for both ALBs. Set the TTL of both records to O. Update the distribution’s origin to use the new record set.
D . Create a CloudFront function that detects HTTP 5xx status codes. Configure the function to return a 307 Temporary Redirect error response to the secondary ALB if the function detects 5xx status codes. Update the distribution’s default behavior to send origin responses to the function.

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Richtige Antwort: B
B

Explanation:

To implement failover for the application to the secondary Region so that HTTP GET requests meet the desired RTO, the DevOps engineer should use the following solution:

Create a new origin on the distribution for the secondary ALB. A CloudFront origin is the source of the content that CloudFront delivers to viewers. By creating a new origin for the secondary ALB, the DevOps engineer can configure CloudFront to route traffic to the secondary Region when the primary Region is unavailable1

Create a new origin group. Set the original ALB as the primary origin. Configure the origin group to fail over for HTTP 5xx status codes. An origin group is a logical grouping of two origins: a primary origin and a secondary origin. By creating an origin group, the DevOps engineer can specify which origin CloudFront should use as a fallback when the primary origin fails. The DevOps engineer can also define which HTTP status codes should trigger a failover from the primary origin to the secondary origin. By setting the original ALB as the primary origin and configuring the origin group to fail over for HTTP 5xx status codes, the DevOps engineer can ensure that CloudFront will switch to the secondary ALB when the primary ALB returns server errors2

Update the default behavior to use the origin group. A behavior is a set of rules that CloudFront applies when it receives requests for specific URLs or file types. The default behavior applies to all requests that do not match any other behaviors. By updating the default behavior to use the origin group, the DevOps engineer can enable failover routing for all requests that are sent to the distribution3

This solution will meet the requirements because it will automate the failover of the application to the secondary Region with zero-second RTO. When CloudFront receives an HTTP GET request, it will first try to route it to the primary ALB in the primary Region. If the primary ALB is healthy and returns a successful response, CloudFront will deliver it to the viewer. If the primary ALB is unhealthy or returns an HTTP 5xx status code, CloudFront will automatically route the request to the secondary ALB in the secondary Region and deliver its response to the viewer.

The other options are not correct because they either do not provide zero-second RTO or do not work as expected. Creating a second CloudFront distribution that has the secondary ALB as the default origin and creating Amazon Route 53 alias records that have a failover policy is not a good option because it will introduce additional latency and complexity to the solution. Route 53 health checks and DNS propagation can take several minutes or longer, which means that viewers might experience delays or errors when accessing the application during a failover event. Creating Amazon Route 53 alias records that have a failover policy and Evaluate Target Health set to Yes for both ALBs and setting the TTL of both records to O is not a valid option because it will not work with CloudFront distributions. Route 53 does not support health checks for alias records that point to CloudFront distributions, so it cannot detect if an ALB behind a distribution is healthy or not. Creating a CloudFront function that detects HTTP 5xx status codes and returns a 307 Temporary Redirect error response to the secondary ALB is not a valid option because it will not provide zero-second RTO. A 307 Temporary Redirect error response tells viewers to retry their requests with a different URL, which means that viewers will have to make an additional request and wait for another response from CloudFront before reaching the secondary ALB. References:

1: Adding, Editing, and Deleting Origins – Amazon CloudFront

2: Configuring Origin Failover – Amazon CloudFront

3: Creating or Updating a Cache Behavior – Amazon CloudFront

Question #17

A company manages multiple AWS accounts by using AWS Organizations with OUS for the different business divisions, The company is updating their corporate network to use new IP address ranges. The company has 10 Amazon S3 buckets in different AWS accounts. The S3 buckets store reports for

the different divisions. The S3 bucket configurations allow only private corporate network IP addresses to access the S3 buckets.

A DevOps engineer needs to change the range of IP addresses that have permission to access the contents of the S3 buckets The DevOps engineer also needs to revoke the permissions of two OUS in the company

Which solution will meet these requirements?

A . Create a new SCP that has two statements, one that allows access to the new range of IP addresses for all the S3 buckets and one that demes access to the old range of IP addresses for all the S3 buckets. Set a permissions boundary for the OrganzauonAccountAccessRole role In the two OUS to deny access to the S3 buckets.
B . Create a new SCP that has a statement that allows only the new range of IP addresses to access the S3 buckets. Create another SCP that denies access to the S3 buckets. Attach the second SCP to the two OUS
C . On all the S3 buckets, configure resource-based policies that allow only the new range of IP addresses to access the S3 buckets. Create a new SCP that denies access to the S3 buckets. Attach the SCP to the two OUs.
D . On all the S3 buckets, configure resource-based policies that allow only the new range of IP addresses to access the S3 buckets. Set a permissions boundary for the OrganizationAccountAccessRole role in the two OUS to deny access to the S3 buckets.

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Richtige Antwort: C
C

Explanation:

The correct answer is C.

A comprehensive and detailed explanation is:

Option A is incorrect because creating a new SCP that has two statements, one that allows access to the new range of IP addresses for all the S3 buckets and one that denies access to the old range of IP addresses for all the S3 buckets, is not a valid solution. SCPs are not resource-based policies, and they cannot specify the S3 buckets or the IP addresses as resources or conditions. SCPs can only control the actions that can be performed by the principals in the organization, not the access to specific resources. Moreover, setting a permissions boundary for the OrganizationAccountAccessRole role in the two OUs to deny access to the S3 buckets is not sufficient to revoke the permissions of the two OUs, as there might be other roles or users in those OUs that can still access the S3 buckets.

Option B is incorrect because creating a new SCP that has a statement that allows only the new range of IP addresses to access the S3 buckets is not a valid solution, for the same reason as option

A) SCPs are not resource-based policies, and they cannot specify the S3 buckets or the IP addresses as resources or conditions. Creating another SCP that denies access to the S3 buckets and attaching it to the two OUs is also not a valid solution, as SCPs cannot specify the S3 buckets as resources either. Option C is correct because it meets both requirements of changing the range of IP addresses that have permission to access the contents of the S3 buckets and revoking the permissions of two OUs in the company. On all the S3 buckets, configuring resource-based policies that allow only the new range of IP addresses to access the S3 buckets is a valid way to update the IP address ranges, as resource-based policies can specify both resources and conditions. Creating a new SCP that denies access to the S3 buckets and attaching it to the two OUs is also a valid way to revoke the permissions of those OUs, as SCPs can deny actions such as s3:PutObject or s3:GetObject on any resource. Option D is incorrect because setting a permissions boundary for the OrganizationAccountAccessRole role in the two OUs to deny access to the S3 buckets is not sufficient to revoke the permissions of the two OUs, as there might be other roles or users in those OUs that can still access the S3 buckets. A permissions boundary is a policy that defines the maximum permissions that an IAM entity can have. However, it does not revoke any existing permissions that are granted by other policies.

References:

AWS Organizations

S3 Bucket Policies

Service Control Policies

Permissions Boundaries

Question #18

A DevOps engineer is using AWS CodeDeploy across a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances in an EC2 Auto Scaling group. The associated CodeDeploy deployment group, which is integrated with EC2 Auto Scaling, is configured to perform in-place deployments with codeDeployDefault.oneAtATime During an ongoing new deployment, the engineer discovers that, although the overall deployment finished successfully, two out of five instances have the previous application revision deployed. The other three instances have the newest application revision

What is likely causing this issue?

A . The two affected instances failed to fetch the new deployment.
B . A failed Afterinstall lifecycle event hook caused the CodeDeploy agent to roll back to the previous version on the affected instances
C . The CodeDeploy agent was not installed in two affected instances.
D . EC2 Auto Scaling launched two new instances while the new deployment had not yet finished, causing the previous version to be deployed on the affected instances.

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Question #19

A company builds an application that uses an Application Load Balancer in front of Amazon EC2 instances that are in an Auto Scaling group. The application is stateless. The Auto Scaling group uses a custom AMI that is fully prebuilt. The EC2 instances do not have a custom bootstrapping process.

The AMI that the Auto Scaling group uses was recently deleted. The Auto Scaling group’s scaling activities show failures because the AMI ID does not exist.

Which combination of steps should a DevOps engineer take to meet these requirements? (Select THREE.)

A . Create a new launch template that uses the new AMI.
B . Update the Auto Scaling group to use the new launch template.
C . Reduce the Auto Scaling group’s desired capacity to O.
D . Increase the Auto Scaling group’s desired capacity by I.
E . Create a new AMI from a running EC2 instance in the Auto Scaling group.
F . Create a new AMI by copying the most recent public AMI of the operating system that the EC2 instances use.

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Question #20

A company has multiple development groups working in a single shared AWS account. The Senior Manager of the groups wants to be alerted via a third-party API call when the creation of resources approaches the service limits for the account.

Which solution will accomplish this with the LEAST amount of development effort?

A . Create an Amazon CloudWatch Event rule that runs periodically and targets an AWS Lambda function. Within the Lambda function, evaluate the current state of the AWS environment and compare deployed resource values to resource limits on the account. Notify the Senior Manager if the account is approaching a service limit.
B . Deploy an AWS Lambda function that refreshes AWS Trusted Advisor checks, and configure an Amazon CloudWatch Events rule to run the Lambda function periodically. Create another CloudWatch Events rule with an event pattern matching Trusted Advisor events and a target Lambda function. In the target Lambda function, notify the Senior Manager.
C . Deploy an AWS Lambda function that refreshes AWS Personal Health Dashboard checks, and configure an Amazon CloudWatch Events rule to run the Lambda function periodically. Create another CloudWatch Events rule with an event pattern matching Personal Health Dashboard events and a target Lambda function. In the target Lambda function, notify the Senior Manager.
D . Add an AWS Config custom rule that runs periodically, checks the AWS service limit status, and streams notifications to an Amazon SNS topic. Deploy an AWS Lambda function that notifies the Senior Manager, and subscribe the Lambda function to the SNS topic.

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